#1 Without a Net by Vic Garbarini transcribed by Anthony (ZoSoCroWe297) Marc Ford's first day as a Black Crowe got off to a flying start. The former guitarist for Burning tree arrived early at Chris and Rich Robinson's Atlanta garage to begin rehearsal for what would become The Southern Harmony and Musical Companion, the Crowes' eagerly awaited follow-up to their multi-platinum debut. The first surprise was that the Robinson brothers had completely rewritten the album they'd sketched out for Ford at the audition a couple of weeks before. the second came as they began working on a new song called "Sting Me." They began the song as a slow ballad then sped it up to a full tilt rocker. Which was better? Lead singer Chris Robinson began arguing with his younger brother Rich; suddenly Chris's mike stand was arcing through space- directly at Rich. "It hit him right in the head," recalls a still amazed Ford. "So Rich threw his guitar down, lunged across the room, and grabbed Chris by the shoulders, throwing him up against the wall. Glass, candles and books went flying everywhere." Bassist Johnny Colt and drummer Steve Gorman had been through this before, but even they seemed shaken. Meanwhile, Marc Ford stood clutching the gold-topped Les Paul Chris had given him for Christmas, wondering what the hell was going on. "It was complete insanity" he confesses. "That was my first weekend with the band. So I just figured, "Okay, this is basically what we have to deal with." "It was a perfect shot" asserts Chris Robinson with a mixture of pride and regret. "God, I thought Rich broke my arm after that and then of course I stomped upstairs to my bedroom, slammed the door and raged for a while." Thirty minutes later he was downstairs hugging Rich and all was forgiven. "It's cause Chris won't shut up, basically," grumbles Rich, "but it's so superficial, I really don't remember what it was about five minutes later." "Musically my baby brother is an enigma." responds Chris with obvious admiration. "But because we're brothers whatever I want he's going to do the opposite." He pauses for a moment, then grins sheepishly. "Do Angus and Malcolm beat the crap out of each other like this?" So are the Crowes the brawling, arrogant bad boys of legend? Well, not exactly. Running a hand through his hennaed hair, Marc breaks into a gentle bemused smile. "Chris and Rich are actually fiercely protective of each other. Really, I haven't seen them fight, except for a few words, since that day. Maybe they just did it for my benefit." he muses, adding that "They do seem to have a way of getting to the core of each other's nervous systems, if they need to." There's a thin line between creative friction and self-destructive craziness, but the Robinsons seem to have things under control. "Besides, we knew you needed a headline!" Chris chides. but the rehearsals were nothing compared to the recording sessions. the Crowes charged into the studio with their brand new material (and new guitarist Ford, having replaced Jeff Cease) and proceeded to knock out in a week what it took Def Leppard five years to do. Every cut was done in one or two takes with songs evolving and mutating, literally up to the moment of recording. "Chris and Rich were counting down the intro to Remedy when they stopped and said, 'Okay we're changing this part right now' and the rest of the band is going 'are you serious?!'" Ford became so confused by the rapid-fire changes in songs and parts that "it took all I had to concentrate on where to put my hands and just get through the songs." But the experience was exhilarating and out of this creative chaos came a remarkably coherent album that debuted at #1 on the Billboard charts. "This whole band is done on a wing and a prayer, really," asserts Ford. "In fact," he insists, "that's the secret to their success. You're really forced to stop thinking about it all so much and just trust your initial instincts to groove. It's not a question of following any trend or trying to be like anybody else. It's about keeping things very alive and on the edge. And it either works magically or it falls apart. I think it worked out pretty well," he adds with obvious relief. "That's the key to the band." It's also the key to why those critics who can't get past the bellbottoms and open tunings-and so cavalierly dismiss them as Stones clones-are missing the point. The Crowes are about extending, not copying, the traditions they draw from. They're not just copping a sound but struggling to stay hotwired to the spirit and energy that made all those Stones, Zep, and Free records so resonant to begin with. They're on a crusade of sorts to recapture the spontaneity and risk-taking and bring it crashing into the present moment. In jazz, Wynton Marsalis picked up a lost thread of '60s post-bop and carried it forward, as Robert Cray has attempted with the blues. The difference being that Marsalis and Cray are praised, not persecuted, for re-connecting with their traditions and expanding them. "I guess we're just not politically correct," Rich Robinson deadpans. A few minutes later Marc and I rendezvous with the rest of the band in the lobby of L.A.'s Sunset Marquis. We pile into the group van and head off to the band's first post-album rehearsal for their upcoming world tour. Chris bounces around the van like a bad check. Long hair flowing, jeans featuring more patches than denim, he's the skinniest humanoid on the planet. Also, one of the wittiest, he rattles off opinions on everything and everyone, from politics to pop culture, skewering certain bands (usually ones that have knocked the Crowes). Meanwhile, Rich radiates a quiet, smoldering intensity. Talk to them sincerely about their music and they both switch gears into passionate overdrive. The arrogance and defensiveness flash by, but usually as a response to attacks on them as "Retro" or the hypocrisy they sense around them. They care desperately about the music they're making - and how they make it. "Everything on the new album is unconscious," claims Rich. "Sometimes I'm afraid to go back and analyze how I wrote something 'cause I'm afraid I'll start to subsequently repeat the same formula, 'How did I write that hit?'" Chris has the same take on the lyrics. Yes, he'll agree, there's a theme running through the new record that revolves around hurt and healing. There are Stings and Illness and Thorns and Disease, contered by the positivism of Salvation, the liberation of No Speak No Slave, and the transcendence of My Morning Song. But he prefers to not get too specific, and rightly so. Most great music comes from a place deeper than conscious thought. Something integrates all those elements and transforms craft into something ineffable that can resonate with each person in an individual way. "That's part of the mystery of it all," asserts Chris. "How can you stay really and in touch and out of your own way? That's why the Stones wrote 'Sex Drive' isn't it?" he laughs. It's also the unspoken philosophy that permeates the writing, recording, and playing of the new album. Keep that line open to the subconscious so creative surprises and fresh energy can keep flowing, putting craft at the service of something higher. "It's like the difference between spirituality and religion," says Chris. "To me, religion can be a form of manipulating something personal and sacred, like government does. And in a watered down way, so does the music business. If there's anything that the Black Crowes have nothing to do with, it's manipulation." Seen through the looking glass of the press, the Crowes have often come across as aggressive and touchy. In person, they're certainly opinionated - but not in a negative mean-spirited way. Unlike many bands who say "correct" things in public, and are bitter behind the scenes, the Crowes' bark is worse than their bite. Chris Robinson flashes a goofy smile and he does his imitation of certain "corporate" bands: "Hi, we're all just so happy that our album is #1 and we just love everybody," he oozes. "Then they're back in their tour buses grumbling about how they hate this or that band, blah blah!" Chris snorts derisively, "I mean hello! you don't love everybody, get real. Just play some music that takes me somewhere and shut up!" There's more heart than heat in Chris Robinson's diatribes. "During the 60s and early 70s the counterculture and even the way you looked, were at least a statement about your values. Our music is nothing but an extension of our lifestyles. As manic and as seemingly desperate as that music is sometimes, that's the way our lives are. It's all there, the ying and the yang, the euphoria and the hard times," says Chris. He worried about keeping himself, and his band in touch with their creative spark - and expects no less from others. "That's why we're afraid to analyze what we're doing too much," he continues earnestly. "What if we start to second guess ourselves too much? 'Uh how did I write that hit? What's the formula?'" He shudders. "Look the reason Chris gets so defensive - the reason we all do...well" he hesitates, "it's because we're all scared....you know what I'm saying? We're scared of the ultimate..." He shrugs, lost for words. "This music is our baby, we put our souls into it. And then some jaded asshole from the press or some other band says, 'Oh, just a Stones rip-off,' or 'the record that Rod Stewart never made." He grimaces. "They don't even know us or where we're coming from. I didn't even learn that open G tuning from the Stones," claims Rich. The brothers have been trading records for years, everything from Gram Parsons, Otis Rush and Little Feat to Thelonius Monk and old blues. "When did the Stones ever write a song like Black Moon Creeping or No Speak, No Slave?" Good point. At rehearsal the instinctive chemistry Marc Ford spoke of kicks in as Rich slides his capo up the neck of his Telecaster a few frets and preaks into the awesome climbing riff from No Speak No Slave" The band swings in behind him in perfect synch, John and Steve's elastic rhythmic pocket creates an exquisite tension for the guitarists to play off. Marc Ford kicks in with a dirty, raucous wah-wah solo that lifts the song to a new level. It may sound cliched, but Ford's replacing Jeff Cease really does echo the Stones replacing Mick Taylor with Ron Wood. But Ford adds Hendrixian fire and Page's angular riffing to Wood's rawness, resulting in a volatile hybrid of blues-rock styles that lends an edge and fullness to Rich's chordal vamps. Still in Open G, Rich slips off the capo and slides into the gnarled intro to Sting Me. Chris grabs the mike and sings "I've got nothing up my sleeve, 'cept this heart and a chip on my shoulder.." neatly summing up the band's philosophy amidst a roaring wall of sound as Rich cranks out those Stonesian chords. Black Moon Creeping's ominous chink n' funk maelstrom owes as much to Lowell George and John Lee Hooker as it does to Led Zeppelin and Keith. Marc and Rich end with a duet solo in different tunings. They pull off the tricky interplay perfectly - even though it's only the second time they've played the passage together. Rich gives me a black look when I ask about soloing in open tunings. How does he keep track of scales? "I don't even know what scales are," he shrugs. "It's all pretty unconscious, I just do it by feel." Marc Ford, who plays in standard tuning adds that "Rich often doesn't know the names of the chords or the keys that he is playing in. He has to turn around and ask me and Johnny. There's the obvious chords you play in an open key, but Rich always tries to stretch them and get into other stranger note clusters. It opens up amazing harmonic possibilities for me to weave in and out of," agrees Ford. They end with My Morning Song, all searing slide crescendos and wiry riffs - think of Zeppelin's When the levee Breaks filtered through the Clara Ward Gospel Singers. Contrary to legend, Mrs. Robinson didn't mix melted down copies of Exile On Main Street and Physical Graffiti into her sons' baby formula. Chris and Rich grew up in suburban Atlanta, the sons of a 50s singer who weaned them on folk music and country. "He was like a Bobby Darin, Brill Building type who became a real folk purist. Doc Watson and Jimmy Driftwood, Flat and Scruggs - he wouldn't listen to Dylan or the Byrds," says Chris, "that was a bastardization." Saturday mornings at the Robinson's ranged from Sly and the Family Stone and Joe Cocker to Vassar Clemons and the Clancy Brothers," recalls Chris. It wasn't until he was 19 that Chris and Rich discovered the Stones, particularly Exile On Main Street. "I'd spent the first night of my life on mushrooms, it was about six in the morning, and somebody put on Torn and Frayed. "Suddenly I didn't feel so isolated from everything." Having unconsciously digested and integrated the same blues and country records, Robinson felt an odd kinship with the Stones based not on Classic radio, but on shared sources. rich absorbed a lot of his musical tastes from listening to his older brother's records, but his early inspirations would surprise his most ardent fans. "The first two records I bought were Prince's Dirty Mind and AC/DC's High Voltage. When I listen to Down Payment Blues there is a kind of desperation there that makes you want to gasp for air. That got me." Though he became an Exile devotee shortly after Chris, Rich still bristles at accusations that the Crowes copped everything from Keith and Co. "Of Course the Stones inspired us, along with many other bands. But we didn't copy or steal from them," he asserts. "To me, art is something that comes from inspiration. Well, to certain jaded asshole critics I'd say this: Where do you expect us to get inspiration from, the future? You get it from the past. Are you going to call Dali a rip-off artist because he occasionally painted a landscape?" In fact, the Stones have admitted to slavishly copying their blues heroes note for note in the early days. "People are going to accuse us of theft? Well let me play where Keith and Mick took credit for writing 'Love in Vain' and 'Stop Breaking Down'. What the Robinson really loved about the Stones, besides the music, was their attitude. "They didn't just have a career, they had a relationship with people - fans, journalists, whoever." And those open tunings that have pegged Rich as a Keith disciple? "I didn't get into open tunings because of the Stones," he insists. "Keith didn't even invent the tuning. He got it from Ry Cooder, I think. The rumor in the industry is that that opening riff on Honkey Tonk Women is actually Ry playing. I got into open G because I heard Nick Drake this English songwriter, singing Pink Moon. He always seemed to have a place to go lower and you couldn't do that in standard tuning." Rich, who just turned 23 the day of our interview thinks that he may do a reverse Keith and "discover" regular tuning when he's 30. "I think in terms of chords and songs, though I do like to play solos sometimes." On the new album, Marc and Rich traded solos on "Thorn In My Pride," and on "Hotel Illness" Rich plays both the dobro part and the solo. which brings us to the touch question of what happened to Jeff Cease, the original lead guitarist on Shake Your Moneymaker. As usual Rich is characteristially blunt. "Jeff didn't even lay some of the stuff on that record. He didn't play any guitars on She Talks To Angels. On a lot of his solos our engineer and myself showed him what to play." Rich sighs. "After 10 months on tour, he still couldn't play them and we needed him to catch up and it wasn't happening." But what about Cease's comments to the press that the Crowes didn't approve of his lifestyle? "Think about that for a minute," counters Rich. "Why'd the Black Crowes kick you out? 'Well they didn't want me to play basketball.' Come on what are you talking about!? I read that and I wasn't mad, I was just stunned. "Look," Rich adds wearily, "after 22 months on the road and a half million records sold, I wanted to write another record and play with a guitar player I could work with." Chris Robinson agrees that "it's all about the songs. Shake Your Moneymaker was not that great of a record as far as playing goes. We were a baby band." The brothers wanted the second record to still reflect where they were coming from while stretching their boundaries. In a sense, the new album's evolution began as soon as they started touring behind Moneymaker. "Our first arena show ever was opening for Aerosmith, who were one of our idols. Our manager, Pete, was ecstatic." Rich smirks. "So we got out there and started playing new songs." Needless to say, Pete was no longer ecstatic. "He was screaming 'Play your damn record!'" Opening later for ZZ Top the Crowes kicked off with a new tune, "Words That You Throw Away," that generally went on for 14 minutes. "And we only had 45 minutes opening for ZZ Top," laughs Rich. "We'd barely gear in five songs. But we thought that was so cool - keep it fresh." Their daring paid off in the end. "Words.." was eventually boiled down into a little number called Remedy, which became the seed for the new album. But the Top tour was also where Chris began to earn his reputation as the Mouth of the South, delivering homilies from onstage about the evils of corporate sponsorship as the Miller Beer logo flapped in the breeze above him. Eventually, the beer suits had them axed from the tour. "We got along with the band at least at first," asserts Rich. " I was always an Ac/DC guy, never a ZZ Top fan - the cars and girls in the videos were a bigger image for me. " But at the first sound check Rich spotted Billy Gibbons sitting backstage with a Les Paul and a slide. "I went , Wow this guy is fantastic." He just had the coolest tone. Then during the show they came out with these big goofy Gibsons all that sampling. I was a little disappointed, because they can really play, that's the sad thing. " It wasn't the beer the Crowes objected to as much as the idea of something they held sacred, their music, being hawked like peanuts under anybody's logo. The corporatization of rock is a threat to its essence., and they feel it's time to draw some boundaries. "Here's a scenario for you. offers Rich. "A band signs a contract for a million dollars with any label. Now here comes a beer company that offers you 10 million to sponsor your tour. If you take that money you're greedy anyway, right? So who are you going to show more allegiance to, the guy who brings a million dollars or the guy who brings 10 million dollars to the table? So then you play a show and the head of the beer company brings his kid. You say fuck on stage. They guy comes backstage and objects, bad for their image. And so it starts. They begin showing up in the studio. So now, not only do you have your producer and record company guy looking over your shoulder, you've go Budweiser and Reebok. Soon the Taco Bell guy'll be there saying, 'Well when you use the word slave in No Speak No Slave that might offend some people so take it out.' It's called heading down the Slippery Slope. "There's bands like us and U-2, Mellencamp, Springsteen and others who just aren't into that," concludes Rich. "I think like-minded bands need to get together and say 'Hey corporate America has taken over every aspect of life, and made it suck. It's halfway taken over music. Let's stop it where we can.'" Back on tour, the Crowes either drew raves or were slagged by the critics and some bands for their music, their hair, bellbottoms and even their shirts. It was the same old counterculture/lifestyle stigmatization. Only this time it wasn't the establishment on their heals, it was their peers. Chris tends to adopt the "a good offense is the best defense" theory of dealing with slights. "I was backstage at the Allmans saying hello to Greg, and his girlfriend says, 'Oh look he's dressed up like the old days.' And I'm like, 'No you're just dressed like you don't know what to be anymore'" snaps Chris. Then there was the Pink Pop festival in Holland last year. The Crowes took the stage early in the morning. "And there was Nick Cave, staring at us like were the foulest wretches on earth." remembers Chris. "So I said ; Well Nick have you smelled your breath lately?'" Later Chris jumped into the crowd and slugged this kid for throwing money at him when the lights were out. And there was the time at the Greek Theatre when Chris noticed a famous rock personality and his manager slumped in their front row seats smirking at each other while the rest of the crowd was on their feet dancing. Chris took a towel off the drum riser, wiped his brow, then threw it at the astonished celebrities, adonishing them to either "Stand up and have a good time like everybody else or take your jaded asses down to the bar and sit there till somebody asks you how long it took to tie your fucking headband on." They left. But it was certain heavy metal bands that inspired Chris to the heights of creative revenge (and Southern Harmony), specifically, Junkyard and MSG. 'When we opened for MSG, they were there every night yelling, 'You suck!' They hated us, man." So Chris and Johnny figureing their tormentors were probably a bit thick and probably homophobic, added a new twist to their stage show: "Johnny and I would begin rubbing each other all over and I'd hump his leg whenever those guys started on us," admits Chris. "We figured if one thing was bound to upset them, it was two guys pretending to have sex," he rolls his eyes and grins. but was this trip necessary? Does he feel his hair-trigger responses were a bit to defensive and overreactive? Could his quick mouth have led him into unnecessary conflicts? Why not ignore them? "I don't really see it as defensive," counters Chris. "I see it as maintaining an open forum." Brother Rich is less certain. "When Chris gets into trouble with other bands, I sometimes think 'Why do you have to lower yourself to that? Even if you are right.' He grimaces. "It's silly but in actuality, he's scared - just like the rest of us. Because every night we're putting our asses on the line, and who needs that abuse? Who the hell asked them anyway? After almost two years of winning friends and influencing people, the Crowes were ready to head back to the studio with 25 new songs to choose from for their sophomore effort. "I'd been worrying for months about the new songs, confesses Rich. "Suddenly I said 'The hell with it, let's just write a whole other record.'" Amazingly enough they did just that keeping only two of their older tunes, My Morning Song and Thorn In My Pride. It was an astonishingly bold move for a relatively new bands facing the industry's heightened expectations. But that's precisely why they felt compelled to take the leap. The Crowes knew that for them, playing it safe would be a threat to their creative spirit. "See the first record was about reflecting our influences," says Rich. "This record was totally written by just Chris and I alone in his house, with no music around - nothing. There was no net underneath us. We just knocked it out in two weekends. 'No Speak No Slave' was written in 10 minutes based on that ascending riff. My Morning Song was the same thing, but done in a Dallas hotel room one night when we were bored. Hotel Illness was written literally the first time Rich played it as was Thorn in My Pride. The Crowes were determined to record their new material in the same spirit of spontaneity and freedom. "On the first record we were told to 'Play it straight' This time we said Screw you,' we're keeping what we want in terms of arrangements, like on Black Moon Creeping, our producer wanted to cut that show passage at the end - we weren't supposed to stray to far. But we said, ' We like it and it stays.'" If some of the songs on The Southern Harmony... seem like jams, rest assured, they are. Thorn and Morning evolved a bit between writing them and the studio. But all the others had been played by the band three or four times before recording them, usually in one or two takes. Needless to say, they were few overdubs. For Rich, Marc Ford's last minute hookup with the band "was the final poke in the wheel we needed." Chris had always had Marc in mind, 'cause they were friends. I wasnt a big Burning Tree fan, but I loved Marc's playing. And for the first time I felt there were really two guitar players playing in synch, rather that me playing something and wondering what was going to happen when Jeff jumped in. I didn't have to worry about it 'cause I know Marc would have it covered." The two would talk briefly about a part, whit Rich giving Marc a sense of where he wanted him to go. And Marc did the rest, usually in one take. "Marc's solo in No Speak No Slave was a single take as was the one in Sometimes Salvation. "I like it when two guitarists play complementary parts that make interesting chords and mesh like a wall of sound," says Rich. "Like on 'Black Moon Creeping. That's me at the end just playing three notes and him playing some weird thing, but it sounds so full." Marc used his Les Paul on most tracts though for the solos on No Speak No Slave and Remedy he reverted to his Strat Plus armed with Seymour Duncan pickups. Rich used his Gibson 335 for "Sting Me and a Gretsch White Falcon for both the into and the slide work on "Morning Song." The rest of the time he switched between a brace of old Les Paul Juniors, vintage telecasters (one with a B-String bender on it for Black Moon Creeping), and three Gibson Dove acoustics. Rich fought for the slower version of "Sting Me," but "our manager was like, 'Come on, if you're going to let me have any say, let's do the fast one.'" The 14 minute opus was chopped into fragments and rearranged as Remedy. Like many of the Crowes' compositions Remedy features Rich's trademark descending chord patterns. "I remember George our producer talking about how when Chris would sing it, it just kept going down," says Rich. "George wanted to change the chord progression but we didn't let him." Some of the slower tunes were written in open B and B flat, tunings rich says he picked up from Keith's ex-roadie Alan Rogan. Rich sees Thorn and Morning Song as the two songs on the record that take you on internal journeys, lyrically and musically. Thorn has this little Nick Drake intro and then the drums kick in. Finally there's this amazing huge part where the piano comes in. It's like a roller coaster ride. Morning Song is just gospel," says Chris," that uplift is intentional. That's why people like the Swans and Nick Cave get on my nerves," he continues. "It's like they're into that obvious dark side - and wallowing in it rather than cathartically processing through it, like Lowell George," he adds, "or Tears of Rage from Big Pink. That's what gospel means, that's what the blues is all about." Chris has an ancient autographed promotional copy of an early Dylan album where Bob talks about singing the blues to help get out of them, not to masochistically marinate in them, "Some of those English bands seem to think oppression and alienation is exclusive to them," Chris sneers. "Please!" By now, if you think the Crowes used some high tech studio wizardry to achieve the hot immediacy of the Southern Harmony...., you obviously have not been paying attention. "I mixed Thorn In My Pride with our engineer Brendan at the Record Plant - and I hated it," says Chris. "They had this hug board with digital computers and shit, which Brendan love. Forget it, I went over to Hollywood Sound, got on that little Neve board and hot-mixed the whole rest of the album in one evening. What else do you need?" According to Chris, that's why their records sound different on radio. "I don't have an ear for hit records," he admits. "That's the only reason we're any good - we don't know what the fuck we're doing, we just do it. You can analyze it all after." For the Crowes, structure and discipline has to come from inside not from some codified set of rules or formulas. This is a band that thinks with their hearts and feels with their heads. Obviously they're on to something The next morning at breakfast the band gathers in the hotel lobby to check out the new Billboard. The Southern Harmony and Musical Companion enters the charts at #1. The guys are pleased but subdued, even a bit somber. After all this, they don't want to lose their sense of them selves. "You know , Woody Guthrie, he never separated himself from folks," reflects Chris. "Maybe the Crowes are going to be one of the bands in the next five or six years that brings it around to what's important, I don't know." And what is important to the country's newest #1 band? Rich Robinson looks pensive. "Maybe if I still have a vital relationship with my music the audience and my band in 15 years or so I'll have the right to talk about success, and what it means." Chris Robinson pauses, then breaks to an impish grin. "When the critics start saying that Mark Farner of Grand Funk is cool. Then I'll know things have really changed! I don't care if he is a born-again whatever, 'Nothing Is The Same' from Closer To Home is a bad song," Chris chortles. "And you gotta admit, the guy had great bellbottoms!"